ACI 440.1R-03

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials have emerged as a practical alternative material for producing reinforcing bars for concrete structures. FRP reinforcing bars offer advantages over steel reinforcement in that FRP bars are noncorrosive, and some FRP bars are nonconductive. Due to other differences in the physical and mechanical behavior of FRP materials versus steel, unique guidance on the engineering and construction of concrete structures reinforced with FRP bars is needed.

This document provides recommendations for the design and construction of FRP-reinforced concrete structures as an emerging technology. The document only addresses nonprestressed FRP reinforcement. The basis for this document is the knowledge gained from worldwide experimental research, analytical work, and field applications of FRP reinforcement. The recommendations in this document are intended to be conservative. Areas where further research is needed are highlighted and compiled in Appendix B. Design recommendations are based on current knowledge and intended to supplement existing codes and guidelines for reinforced concrete structures and to provide engineers and building officials with assistance in the specification, design, and construction of concrete reinforced with FRP bars.