API Bull E2

Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) are present in oil and gas operations at some locations and can deposit in well tubulars, surface piping, vessels, pumps, and other producing and processing equipment. The purpose of this document is to inform oil and gas operators of the possible presence of NORM and to provide relevant information on protecting workers, the public, and the environment.

The objective of this document is to provide general information to users so that they have an understanding of the fundamental radiation issues associated with the management of NORM. Issues where the advice of a professional health physicist, industrial hygienist, or other technical expert may be useful are identified and guidance provided. Readers are advised to contact their state regulatory office and work very closely with that office on all NORM issues.