• ASTM E2481-12(2018)

ASTM E2481-12(2018)

Standard Test Method for Hot Spot Protection Testing of Photovoltaic Modules

ASTM International, 05/01/2018

Publisher: ASTM

File Format: PDF

$34.00$68.00


Published:01/05/2018

Pages:5

File Size:1 file , 210 KB

Note:This product is unavailable in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus

1.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the ability of a photovoltaic (PV) module to endure the long-term effects of periodic “hot spot” heating associated with common fault conditions such as severely cracked or mismatched cells, single-point open circuit failures (for example, interconnect failures), partial (or non-uniform) shadowing or soiling. Such effects typically include solder melting or deterioration of the encapsulation, but in severe cases could progress to combustion of the PV module and surrounding materials.

1.2 There are two ways that cells can cause a hot spot problem; either by having a high resistance so that there is a large resistance in the circuit, or by having a low resistance area (shunt) such that there is a high-current flow in a localized region. This test method selects cells of both types to be stressed.

1.3 This test method does not establish pass or fail levels. The determination of acceptable or unacceptable results is beyond the scope of this test method.

1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

More ASTM standard pdf

ASTM E603-12a

ASTM E603-12a

Standard Guide for Room Fire Experiments

$33.00 $67.00

ASTM E1978-18

ASTM E1978-18

Standard Specification for Shelter, Tactical, Expandable, Two-Side

$27.00 $54.00

ASTM D3228-20

ASTM D3228-20

Standard Test Method for Total Nitrogen in Lubricating Oils and Fuel Oils by Modified Kjeldahl Method

$34.00 $68.00

ASTM F2328M-14

ASTM F2328M-14

Standard Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts, Screws, Studs, and Nuts (Metric)

$29.00 $58.00