ASTM E647-22a

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates

ASTM International, 08/01/2022

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Published:01/08/2022

Pages:51

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1.1 This test method2 covers the determination of fatigue crack growth rates from near-threshold to K_max controlled instability. Results are expressed in terms of the crack-tip stress-intensity factor range (ΔK), defined by the theory of linear elasticity.

1.2 Several different test procedures are provided, the optimum test procedure being primarily dependent on the magnitude of the fatigue crack growth rate to be measured.

1.3 Materials that can be tested by this test method are not limited by thickness or by strength so long as specimens are of sufficient thickness to preclude buckling and of sufficient planar size to remain predominantly elastic during testing.

1.4 A range of specimen sizes with proportional planar dimensions is provided, but size is variable to be adjusted for yield strength and applied force. Specimen thickness may be varied independent of planar size.

1.5 The details of the various specimens and test configurations are shown in Annex A1 - Annex A3. Specimen configurations other than those contained in this method may be used provided that well-established stress-intensity factor calibrations are available and that specimens are of sufficient planar size to remain predominantly elastic during testing.

1.6 Residual stress/crack closure may significantly influence the fatigue crack growth rate data, particularly at low stress-intensity factors and low stress ratios, although such variables are not incorporated into the computation of ΔK.

1.7 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.8 This test method is divided into two main parts. The first part gives general information concerning the recommendations and requirements for fatigue crack growth rate testing. The second part is composed of annexes that describe the special requirements for various specimen configurations, special requirements for testing in aqueous environments, and procedures for non-visual crack size determination. In addition, there are appendices that cover techniques for calculating da/dN, determining fatigue crack opening force, and guidelines for measuring the growth of small fatigue cracks. General information and requirements common to all specimen types are listed as follows:

Section Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Use 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 Specimen Configuration, Size, and Preparation 7 Procedure 8 Calculations and Interpretation of Results 9 Report 10 Precision and Bias 11 Special Requirements for Testing in Aqueous Environments Annex A4 Guidelines for Use of Compliance to Determine Crack Size Annex A5 Guidelines for Electric Potential Difference Determination of Crack Size Annex A6 Recommended Data Reduction Techniques Appendix X1 Recommended Practice for Determination of Fatigue Crack Opening Force From Compliance Appendix X2 Guidelines for Measuring the Growth Rates Of Small Fatigue Cracks Appendix X3 Recommended Practice for Determination Of ACR-Based Stress-Intensity Factor Range Appendix X4

1.9 Special requirements for the various specimen configurations appear in the following order:

The Compact Specimen Annex A1 The Middle Tension Specimen Annex A2 The Eccentrically-Loaded Single Edge Crack Tension Specimen Annex A3

1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM E647-22a

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates

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